Apa Itu Adverb Clause?
Adverb Clause adalah dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai adverb (kata keterangan).
Karena merupakan dependent clause, adverb clause memiliki:
✓ Subject
✓ Verb
✓ Makna tertentu
✗ Tidak dapat berdiri sendiri sebagai kalimat
Adverb clause harus digabungkan dengan independent clause agar membentuk kalimat yang lengkap.
Fungsi Adverb Clause
Adverb clause digunakan untuk memberikan informasi tambahan tentang:
Waktu (Time)
Sebab atau Alasan (Cause/Reason)
Syarat (Condition)
Tujuan (Purpose)
Pertentangan (Contrast/Concession)
Cara (Manner)
Hasil atau Akibat (Result)
Dengan kata lain, adverb clause menjelaskan:
Kapan sesuatu terjadi?
Mengapa sesuatu terjadi?
Dalam kondisi apa sesuatu terjadi?
Untuk tujuan apa sesuatu dilakukan?
Bagaimana sesuatu dilakukan?
Apa akibatnya?
Mengapa Disebut Adverb Clause?
Karena fungsi adverb clause sama seperti adverb biasa, yaitu memberikan keterangan.
Perhatikan perbandingan berikut.
Adverb Biasa
She arrived yesterday.
Adverb:
yesterday
Keterangan waktu:
kapan dia datang?
Jawaban:
yesterday
Adverb Clause
She arrived after the ceremony ended.
Adverb Clause:
after the ceremony ended
Keterangan waktu:
kapan dia datang?
Jawaban:
after the ceremony ended
Karena berfungsi sebagai keterangan waktu, maka disebut adverb clause.
Struktur Dasar Adverb Clause
Secara umum:
Subordinating Conjunction + Subject + Verb
Contoh:
because the road was flooded
Subordinating Conjunction:
because
Subject:
the road
Verb:
was
Complement:
flooded
Kelompok kata ini memiliki subject dan verb, tetapi tidak bisa berdiri sendiri.
Karena itulah disebut dependent clause.
Jenis-Jenis Adverb Clause
A. ADVERB CLAUSE OF TIME (KLAUSA KETERANGAN WAKTU)
Fungsi
Menjelaskan kapan suatu peristiwa terjadi.
Kata Penghubung yang Sering Digunakan
when
while
before
after
since
until
as soon as
Contoh 1
After the concert ended, the audience left the hall.
Artinya:
Setelah konser berakhir, para penonton meninggalkan gedung.
Adverb Clause:
after the concert ended
Independent Clause:
the audience left the hall
Contoh 2
When the sun rose, the fishermen started working.
Artinya:
Ketika matahari terbit, para nelayan mulai bekerja.
Adverb Clause:
when the sun rose
Contoh 3
Before the guests arrived, we prepared the dining room.
Artinya:
Sebelum para tamu datang, kami menyiapkan ruang makan.
Adverb Clause:
before the guests arrived
B. ADVERB CLAUSE OF CAUSE (KLAUSA KETERANGAN SEBAB)
Fungsi
Menjelaskan alasan atau penyebab suatu kejadian.
Kata Penghubung
because
since
as
Contoh 1
The flight was delayed because the weather was unfavorable.
Artinya:
Penerbangan ditunda karena cuacanya tidak mendukung.
Adverb Clause:
because the weather was unfavorable
Contoh 2
Since the internet connection was unstable, the meeting was postponed.
Artinya:
Karena koneksi internet tidak stabil, rapat ditunda.
Adverb Clause:
since the internet connection was unstable
Contoh 3
As the store was closed, we went somewhere else.
Artinya:
Karena tokonya tutup, kami pergi ke tempat lain.
Adverb Clause:
as the store was closed
C. ADVERB CLAUSE OF CONDITION (KLAUSA KETERANGAN SYARAT)
Fungsi
Menjelaskan syarat yang harus dipenuhi agar sesuatu terjadi.
Kata Penghubung
if
unless
provided that
as long as
Contoh 1
If you practice every day, your speaking skills will improve.
Artinya:
Jika kamu berlatih setiap hari, kemampuan berbicaramu akan meningkat.
Adverb Clause:
if you practice every day
Contoh 2
Unless they leave now, they will miss the bus.
Artinya:
Jika mereka tidak berangkat sekarang, mereka akan ketinggalan bus.
Adverb Clause:
unless they leave now
Contoh 3
Provided that everyone cooperates, the project will succeed.
Artinya:
Asalkan semua orang bekerja sama, proyek tersebut akan berhasil.
Adverb Clause:
provided that everyone cooperates
D. ADVERB CLAUSE OF CONTRAST (KLAUSA KETERANGAN PERTENTANGAN)
Fungsi
Menunjukkan dua hal yang bertentangan.
Kata Penghubung
although
though
even though
Contoh 1
Although the exam was difficult, most students passed.
Artinya:
Walaupun ujiannya sulit, sebagian besar siswa lulus.
Adverb Clause:
although the exam was difficult
Contoh 2
Though he was inexperienced, he performed very well.
Artinya:
Walaupun kurang berpengalaman, dia tampil sangat baik.
Adverb Clause:
though he was inexperienced
Contoh 3
Even though the traffic was heavy, we arrived on time.
Artinya:
Meskipun lalu lintas padat, kami tiba tepat waktu.
Adverb Clause:
even though the traffic was heavy
E. ADVERB CLAUSE OF PURPOSE (KLAUSA KETERANGAN TUJUAN)
Fungsi
Menjelaskan tujuan suatu tindakan.
Kata Penghubung
so that
in order that
Contoh 1
She took notes carefully so that she would not forget the lesson.
Artinya:
Dia mencatat dengan hati-hati agar tidak melupakan pelajaran tersebut.
Adverb Clause:
so that she would not forget the lesson
Contoh 2
They left early in order that they could avoid traffic congestion.
Artinya:
Mereka berangkat lebih awal agar dapat menghindari kemacetan.
Adverb Clause:
in order that they could avoid traffic congestion
F. ADVERB CLAUSE OF RESULT (KLAUSA KETERANGAN AKIBAT)
Fungsi
Menunjukkan hasil atau akibat.
Kata Penghubung
so...that
such...that
Contoh 1
The speaker talked so quickly that many listeners could not follow.
Artinya:
Pembicara berbicara begitu cepat sehingga banyak pendengar tidak dapat mengikuti.
Adverb Clause:
that many listeners could not follow
Contoh 2
It was such a powerful storm that several roads were closed.
Artinya:
Badai itu begitu kuat sehingga beberapa jalan ditutup.
Adverb Clause:
that several roads were closed
G. ADVERB CLAUSE OF MANNER (KLAUSA KETERANGAN CARA)
Fungsi
Menjelaskan bagaimana suatu tindakan dilakukan.
Kata Penghubung
as
as if
as though
Contoh 1
She speaks as if she were an expert.
Artinya:
Dia berbicara seolah-olah dia seorang ahli.
Adverb Clause:
as if she were an expert
Contoh 2
The child looked at me as though he knew the answer.
Artinya:
Anak itu memandang saya seolah-olah dia mengetahui jawabannya.
Adverb Clause:
as though he knew the answer
Cara Mengenali Adverb Clause
Gunakan pertanyaan berikut:
Apakah clause ini menjelaskan:
Kapan?
Mengapa?
Bagaimana?
Untuk tujuan apa?
Dalam kondisi apa?
Apa akibatnya?
Jika jawabannya YA, maka kemungkinan besar itu adalah Adverb Clause.
10 Contoh Kalimat Adverb Clause
1
When the rain stopped, the children continued playing outside.
Ketika hujan berhenti, anak-anak melanjutkan bermain di luar.
2
After the movie finished, we discussed the story.
Setelah film selesai, kami mendiskusikan ceritanya.
3
Because the machine was broken, production was delayed.
Karena mesinnya rusak, produksi tertunda.
4
Since everyone agreed, the proposal was approved immediately.
Karena semua orang setuju, usulan tersebut langsung disetujui.
5
If you save money regularly, you can reach your financial goals.
Jika kamu menabung secara teratur, kamu dapat mencapai tujuan keuanganmu.
6
Unless she apologizes, they will not forgive her.
Jika dia tidak meminta maaf, mereka tidak akan memaafkannya.
7
Although the restaurant was crowded, the service was excellent.
Walaupun restorannya ramai, pelayanannya sangat baik.
8
Even though he had little experience, he got the job.
Meskipun memiliki sedikit pengalaman, dia mendapatkan pekerjaan itu.
9
She studied hard so that she could earn a scholarship.
Dia belajar dengan giat agar bisa mendapatkan beasiswa.
10
He explained the procedure as if he had done it many times before.
Dia menjelaskan prosedur tersebut seolah-olah dia sudah melakukannya berkali-kali sebelumnya.
Ringkasan Perbedaan Tiga Jenis Clause
| Jenis Clause | Fungsi | Menjelaskan |
|---|---|---|
| Noun Clause | Sebagai noun | Orang, benda, ide, informasi |
| Adjective Clause | Sebagai adjective | Noun atau pronoun |
| Adverb Clause | Sebagai adverb | Waktu, alasan, syarat, tujuan, cara, akibat, pertentangan |
Cara Cepat Mengingat
Noun Clause
Tanyakan:
Apa? Siapa?
Contoh:
I understand what he means.
Apa yang saya pahami?
✓ what he means
Adjective Clause
Tanyakan:
Yang mana? Orang yang mana? Benda yang mana?
Contoh:
The teacher who teaches physics is absent today.
Guru yang mana?
✓ who teaches physics
Adverb Clause
Tanyakan:
Kapan? Mengapa? Bagaimana? Dalam kondisi apa? Untuk tujuan apa?
Contoh:
We canceled the picnic because it was raining heavily.
Mengapa kami membatalkan piknik?
✓ because it was raining heavily
Dengan memahami ketiga jenis clause ini, kamu akan lebih mudah mempelajari Complex Sentences, Academic Writing, Reading Comprehension, dan Speaking tingkat menengah hingga lanjutan.
