COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
Apa Itu Countable dan Uncountable Nouns?
Dalam bahasa Inggris, kata benda (noun) dibagi menjadi dua kelompok:
Countable Nouns (bisa dihitung)
Uncountable Nouns (tidak bisa dihitung)
Memahami perbedaan ini sangat penting karena memengaruhi penggunaan:
a / an
some / any
many / much
few / little
Countable Nouns
Apa Itu Countable Nouns?
Countable nouns adalah kata benda yang dapat dihitung satu per satu.
Ciri-Ciri
✔ Bisa dihitung
✔ Memiliki bentuk singular dan plural
✔ Bisa menggunakan a atau an
Contoh
book → books
→ buku
car → cars
→ mobil
apple → apples
→ apel
student → students
→ siswa
chair → chairs
→ kursi
Contoh Kalimat
I have a book.
→ Saya mempunyai sebuah buku.
She has three apples.
→ Dia mempunyai tiga apel.
There are many students in the classroom.
→ Ada banyak siswa di kelas.
Uncountable Nouns
Apa Itu Uncountable Nouns?
Uncountable nouns adalah kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung satu per satu.
Biasanya berupa:
cairan
bahan
konsep
informasi
aktivitas
Contoh
water
→ air
rice
→ beras / nasi
information
→ informasi
advice
→ nasihat
money
→ uang
homework
→ pekerjaan rumah
furniture
→ perabot
Contoh Kalimat
I need water.
→ Saya membutuhkan air.
She gave me advice.
→ Dia memberi saya nasihat.
There isn't much furniture in the room.
→ Tidak banyak perabot di ruangan itu.
Cerita Singkat
A Trip to the Supermarket
You put three apples in your basket.
→ Kamu memasukkan tiga apel ke dalam keranjang.
You can count them: one, two, three.
→ Kamu bisa menghitungnya: satu, dua, tiga.
Then you pick up a bag of rice.
→ Lalu kamu mengambil sekantong beras.
Can you count rice?
→ Apakah kamu bisa menghitung beras?
No, you can't.
→ Tidak.
You cannot say "one rice".
→ Kamu tidak bisa mengatakan "satu beras".
You need a container.
→ Kamu membutuhkan wadah.
A bag of rice.
→ Sekantong beras.
You buy two bottles of milk.
→ Kamu membeli dua botol susu.
The bottle makes it countable.
→ Botol membuatnya bisa dihitung.
The cashier gives you some advice.
→ Kasir memberi kamu beberapa nasihat.
You cannot count advice.
→ Kamu tidak bisa menghitung nasihat.
You say:
A piece of advice.
→ Sebuah nasihat.
Quick Test
Countable atau Uncountable?
chair
→ Countable
furniture
→ Uncountable
idea
→ Countable
advice
→ Uncountable
book
→ Countable
information
→ Uncountable
car
→ Countable
money
→ Uncountable
Quantifiers
Untuk Countable Nouns
Many
many books
→ banyak buku
A Few
a few apples
→ beberapa apel
Several
several students
→ beberapa siswa
Few
few opportunities
→ sedikit kesempatan
Untuk Uncountable Nouns
Much
much water
→ banyak air
A Little
a little sugar
→ sedikit gula
Little
little time
→ sedikit waktu
A Bit of
a bit of information
→ sedikit informasi
Untuk Keduanya
Some
I need some water.
→ Saya membutuhkan air.
I bought some books.
→ Saya membeli beberapa buku.
Any
Do you have any questions?
→ Apakah kamu punya pertanyaan?
A Lot Of
We have a lot of books.
→ Kami memiliki banyak buku.
We have a lot of time.
→ Kami memiliki banyak waktu.
Plenty Of
There are plenty of opportunities.
→ Ada banyak kesempatan.
Containers and Measures
Karena uncountable nouns tidak bisa dihitung langsung, kita menggunakan satuan atau wadah.
Contoh
a glass of water
→ segelas air
a cup of coffee
→ secangkir kopi
a piece of advice
→ sebuah nasihat
a loaf of bread
→ satu roti utuh
a slice of cake
→ sepotong kue
a bag of rice
→ sekantong beras
a bottle of milk
→ sebotol susu
a bowl of soup
→ semangkuk sup
Cara Bertanya
Countable
Gunakan:
How many + countable noun
Contoh
How many books do you have?
→ Berapa banyak buku yang kamu punya?
How many students are there?
→ Ada berapa siswa?
Uncountable
Gunakan:
How much + uncountable noun
Contoh
How much water do you need?
→ Berapa banyak air yang kamu butuhkan?
How much money do you have?
→ Berapa banyak uang yang kamu punya?
Kesalahan Umum
Advice
❌ I need an advice.
✅ I need some advice.
→ Saya membutuhkan nasihat.
✅ I need a piece of advice.
→ Saya membutuhkan sebuah nasihat.
Water
❌ How many water do you need?
✅ How much water do you need?
→ Berapa banyak air yang kamu butuhkan?
Information
❌ I need some informations.
✅ I need some information.
→ Saya membutuhkan informasi.
Homework
❌ She has many homeworks.
✅ She has a lot of homework.
→ Dia memiliki banyak pekerjaan rumah.
Furniture
❌ We need several furnitures.
✅ We need several pieces of furniture.
→ Kita membutuhkan beberapa perabot.
Speaking Practice
There are many students in the classroom.
→ Ada banyak siswa di kelas.
I don't have much time today.
→ Saya tidak punya banyak waktu hari ini.
Can I have some water, please?
→ Bolehkah saya meminta air?
She bought a few books at the store.
→ Dia membeli beberapa buku di toko.
There isn't any milk in the fridge.
→ Tidak ada susu di kulkas.
We need several pieces of furniture.
→ Kita membutuhkan beberapa perabot.
Could you give me a little advice?
→ Bisakah Anda memberi saya sedikit nasihat?
There are plenty of opportunities.
→ Ada banyak kesempatan.
Ringkasan Singkat
Countable Nouns
✔ Bisa dihitung
✔ Memiliki bentuk jamak
✔ Bisa memakai a/an
Contoh:
book
apple
car
student
Uncountable Nouns
✔ Tidak bisa dihitung langsung
✔ Biasanya tidak memiliki bentuk jamak
✔ Tidak bisa memakai a/an
Contoh:
water
rice
advice
information
furniture
homework
Quantifiers
Countable
many
a few
few
several
Uncountable
much
a little
little
Keduanya
some
any
a lot of
plenty of
Pertanyaan
How many + countable noun
→ How many books?
How much + uncountable noun
→ How much water?
Tips Mudah Mengingat
Tanyakan:
"Bisakah saya menghitungnya satu, dua, tiga?"
Jika YA → Countable
Jika TIDAK → Uncountable
Gunakan wadah untuk uncountable nouns:
a glass of water
a bottle of milk
a piece of advice
a bag of rice
