1. IS / AM / ARE
Penggunaan
| Subject | To Be |
|---|---|
| I | am |
| He | is |
| She | is |
| It | is |
| You | are |
| We | are |
| They | are |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| I am happy. | Saya bahagia. |
| She is a doctor. | Dia (perempuan) adalah seorang dokter. |
| They are students. | Mereka adalah para siswa. |
2. DO / DOES
Penggunaan
| Subject | Auxiliary Verb |
|---|---|
| I | do |
| He | does |
| She | does |
| It | does |
| You | do |
| We | do |
| They | do |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| I do my homework. | Saya mengerjakan pekerjaan rumah saya. |
| He does his work. | Dia (laki-laki) mengerjakan pekerjaannya. |
| They do exercise daily. | Mereka berolahraga setiap hari. |
3. HAS / HAVE
Penggunaan
| Subject | Verb |
|---|---|
| I | have |
| He | has |
| She | has |
| It | has |
| You | have |
| We | have |
| They | have |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| I have a laptop. | Saya mempunyai sebuah laptop. |
| She has a bicycle. | Dia mempunyai sebuah sepeda. |
| We have a new house. | Kami mempunyai rumah baru. |
4. WAS / WERE
Penggunaan
| Subject | To Be Lampau |
|---|---|
| I | was |
| He | was |
| She | was |
| It | was |
| You | were |
| We | were |
| They | were |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| I was tired. | Saya lelah. |
| He was at home. | Dia berada di rumah. |
| They were excited. | Mereka sangat bersemangat. |
5. DID
Penggunaan
| Subject | Auxiliary Verb |
|---|---|
| I | did |
| He | did |
| She | did |
| It | did |
| You | did |
| We | did |
| They | did |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| I did my assignment. | Saya mengerjakan tugas saya. |
| She did the task. | Dia mengerjakan tugas itu. |
| They did well. | Mereka melakukannya dengan baik. |
6. HAD
Penggunaan
| Subject | Verb |
|---|---|
| I | had |
| He | had |
| She | had |
| It | had |
| You | had |
| We | had |
| They | had |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| I had a pen. | Saya memiliki sebuah pena. |
| He had a car. | Dia memiliki sebuah mobil. |
| They had many books. | Mereka memiliki banyak buku. |
7. DOES (NEGATIVE)
Bentuk Negatif
| Subject | Negative Form |
|---|---|
| I | do not (don't) |
| He | does not (doesn't) |
| She | does not (doesn't) |
| It | does not (doesn't) |
| You | do not (don't) |
| We | do not (don't) |
| They | do not (don't) |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| I don't like coffee. | Saya tidak suka kopi. |
| He doesn't play cricket. | Dia tidak bermain kriket. |
8. HAVE / HAS (PRESENT PERFECT)
Penggunaan
| Subject | Auxiliary |
|---|---|
| I | have |
| He | has |
| She | has |
| It | has |
| You | have |
| We | have |
| They | have |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| I have finished my work. | Saya telah menyelesaikan pekerjaan saya. |
| She has completed the project. | Dia telah menyelesaikan proyek tersebut. |
9. HAD (PAST PERFECT)
Penggunaan
| Semua Subject | Auxiliary |
|---|---|
| I, You, He, She, It, We, They | had |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| I had finished before he arrived. | Saya telah selesai sebelum dia tiba. |
| They had left already. | Mereka sudah pergi. |
10. DO / DOES (QUESTION)
Penggunaan
| Subject | Bentuk Tanya |
|---|---|
| I | Do |
| He | Does |
| She | Does |
| It | Does |
| You | Do |
| We | Do |
| They | Do |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| Do you speak English? | Apakah kamu bisa berbahasa Inggris? |
| Does he play football? | Apakah dia bermain sepak bola? |
11. HAVE / HAS (QUESTION)
Penggunaan
| Subject | Bentuk Tanya |
|---|---|
| I | Have |
| He | Has |
| She | Has |
| It | Has |
| You | Have |
| We | Have |
| They | Have |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| Have you eaten? | Apakah kamu sudah makan? |
| Has she arrived? | Apakah dia sudah tiba? |
12. HAD (QUESTION)
Penggunaan
| Semua Subject | Bentuk Tanya |
|---|---|
| I, You, He, She, It, We, They | Had |
Contoh Kalimat
| English | Indonesia |
|---|---|
| Had you finished the work? | Apakah kamu sudah menyelesaikan pekerjaan itu? |
| Had they gone home? | Apakah mereka sudah pulang? |
Ringkasan Cepat (Quick Rules)
| Subject | Gunakan |
|---|---|
| He / She / It | Is, Does, Has |
| I / You / We / They | Am/Are, Do, Have |
| Semua Subject (Past Tense) | Was/Were, Did, Had |
Rumus Super Singkat
| Tense | Kata Bantu |
|---|---|
| Present (Sekarang) | am, is, are, do, does, have, has |
| Past (Lampau) | was, were, did, had |
| Present Perfect | have/has + Verb 3 |
| Past Perfect | had + Verb 3 |
💡 Tips Mudah Mengingat:
He / She / It → pakai bentuk "s" → does, has, is
I / You / We / They → bentuk dasar → do, have, am/are
Did dan Had bisa digunakan untuk semua subject dalam bentuk lampau.
Setelah do / does / did, kata kerja kembali ke Verb 1 (bentuk dasar).
Contoh:
She does her homework. ✅
She does not do her homework. ✅
She did her homework yesterday. ✅
She did not do her homework yesterday. ✅
