Kata dan Frasa Penghubung dalam Bahasa Inggris
Tingkat: B1 (Intermediate)
Fokus: Grammar & Vocabulary
Tujuan Pembelajaran (Learning Objectives)
Setelah mempelajari materi ini, siswa diharapkan mampu:
✅ Memahami fungsi Linking Words and Phrases dalam bahasa Inggris.
✅ Menghubungkan ide dan kalimat secara lebih jelas dan logis.
✅ Menggunakan berbagai jenis linking words:
Addition (Penambahan)
Contrast (Pertentangan)
Cause and Effect (Sebab-Akibat)
Examples and Clarification (Contoh dan Penjelasan)
✅ Menulis dan berbicara dalam bahasa Inggris dengan lebih lancar, alami, dan profesional.
Apa Itu Linking Words and Phrases?
Linking Words and Phrases adalah kata atau frasa yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan ide, kalimat, atau paragraf agar lebih teratur dan mudah dipahami.
Linking words sering disebut juga:
Connectors
Connecting Words
Discourse Markers
Tanpa Linking Words
❌
I was tired.
I continued working.
I finished the report.
Kalimat di atas terdengar terputus-putus.
Dengan Linking Words
✅
I was tired. However, I continued working. Therefore, I finished the report.
(Saya lelah. Namun, saya tetap bekerja. Oleh karena itu, saya berhasil menyelesaikan laporan tersebut.)
Kalimat menjadi lebih alami dan mudah dipahami.
Mengapa Linking Words Penting?
Linking words membantu kita untuk:
✅ Menunjukkan perbedaan atau pertentangan.
✅ Menambahkan informasi.
✅ Menjelaskan sebab dan akibat.
✅ Memberikan contoh.
✅ Menyampaikan opini secara lebih logis.
✅ Membuat tulisan lebih profesional.
Jenis-Jenis Linking Words
Ada empat kelompok utama yang paling sering digunakan pada level B1.
1. ADDITION
Menambahkan Informasi
Digunakan ketika kita ingin menambahkan ide atau informasi baru.
Linking Words untuk Addition
| Linking Word | Arti |
|---|---|
| and | dan |
| also | juga |
| furthermore | selain itu |
| moreover | terlebih lagi |
| in addition | sebagai tambahan |
| besides | selain itu |
| not only...but also | tidak hanya...tetapi juga |
Contoh
And
She speaks English and French.
(Dia berbicara bahasa Inggris dan Prancis.)
Also
She is smart. She is also hardworking.
(Dia pintar. Dia juga rajin.)
Moreover
The hotel was expensive. Moreover, the service was poor.
(Hotel itu mahal. Terlebih lagi, pelayanannya buruk.)
In Addition
He can play the guitar. In addition, he can sing well.
(Dia bisa bermain gitar. Selain itu, dia juga bisa bernyanyi dengan baik.)
Not Only...But Also
She is not only intelligent but also very kind.
(Dia tidak hanya cerdas tetapi juga sangat baik hati.)
2. CONTRAST
Menunjukkan Pertentangan atau Perbedaan
Digunakan ketika dua ide saling bertolak belakang.
Linking Words untuk Contrast
| Linking Word | Arti |
|---|---|
| but | tetapi |
| however | namun |
| although | meskipun |
| though | walaupun |
| even though | meskipun |
| nevertheless | meskipun demikian |
| on the other hand | di sisi lain |
| whereas | sedangkan |
Contoh
But
I wanted to go out, but it was raining.
(Saya ingin keluar, tetapi hujan.)
However
I wanted to go out. However, it was raining.
(Saya ingin keluar. Namun, hujan turun.)
Although
Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
(Meskipun hujan, kami tetap berjalan-jalan.)
Whereas
She likes coffee, whereas her brother prefers tea.
(Dia menyukai kopi, sedangkan saudaranya lebih suka teh.)
Perbedaan Although dan However
Although
Digunakan dalam satu kalimat.
✅ Although it was raining, we went out.
However
Biasanya menghubungkan dua kalimat.
✅ It was raining. However, we went out.
3. CAUSE AND EFFECT
Menunjukkan Sebab dan Akibat
Digunakan untuk menjelaskan alasan atau hasil dari suatu tindakan.
Linking Words untuk Cause and Effect
| Linking Word | Arti |
|---|---|
| because | karena |
| since | karena |
| as | karena |
| so | jadi |
| therefore | oleh karena itu |
| thus | sehingga |
| consequently | akibatnya |
| as a result | sebagai hasilnya |
Contoh
Because
I stayed home because I was sick.
(Saya tetap di rumah karena sakit.)
So
He didn't study, so he failed the test.
(Dia tidak belajar, jadi dia gagal ujian.)
Therefore
The road was closed. Therefore, we took another route.
(Jalan ditutup. Oleh karena itu, kami mengambil rute lain.)
As a Result
The company increased production. As a result, profits improved.
(Perusahaan meningkatkan produksi. Hasilnya, keuntungan meningkat.)
Formal vs Informal
Informal
I was tired, so I went to bed.
Formal
I was tired; therefore, I went to bed.
4. EXAMPLES AND CLARIFICATION
Memberikan Contoh dan Penjelasan
Digunakan untuk memperjelas informasi.
Linking Words untuk Examples
| Linking Word | Arti |
|---|---|
| for example | misalnya |
| for instance | sebagai contoh |
| such as | seperti |
| namely | yaitu |
| in other words | dengan kata lain |
| that is | yaitu |
Contoh
For Example
Many fruits are healthy. For example, apples and oranges.
(Banyak buah sehat. Misalnya apel dan jeruk.)
Such As
She enjoys outdoor activities such as hiking and cycling.
(Dia menyukai aktivitas luar ruangan seperti mendaki dan bersepeda.)
In Other Words
He is bilingual. In other words, he speaks two languages.
(Dia bilingual. Dengan kata lain, dia berbicara dua bahasa.)
Punctuation (Tanda Baca)
Ini adalah bagian yang sering salah.
Dengan However
❌
I was tired, however I kept working.
✅
I was tired. However, I kept working.
atau
✅
I was tired; however, I kept working.
Dengan Although
Gunakan koma jika klausa "although" berada di awal.
✅
Although it was raining, we went outside.
Jika "although" berada di tengah, tidak perlu koma.
✅
We went outside although it was raining.
Kesalahan Umum yang Harus Dihindari
Kesalahan 1
❌
However it was raining, we went out.
✓
Although it was raining, we went out.
atau
✓
It was raining. However, we went out.
Kesalahan 2
Menggunakan terlalu banyak linking words.
❌
Moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides, the hotel was expensive.
✓
The hotel was expensive. Moreover, the service was poor.
Kesalahan 3
Menggunakan "so" dalam tulisan formal.
❌
The results were poor, so we changed our strategy.
✓
The results were poor. Therefore, we changed our strategy.
Ringkasan Linking Words
Addition
and
also
moreover
furthermore
in addition
besides
Contrast
but
however
although
though
nevertheless
whereas
Cause and Effect
because
so
therefore
thus
consequently
as a result
Examples
for example
for instance
such as
namely
in other words
Tips Belajar
1. Jangan Menghafal Sekaligus
Mulailah dari kata yang paling sering digunakan:
however
therefore
although
because
for example
2. Gunakan Saat Menulis
Setiap kali menulis paragraf, usahakan menggunakan minimal 2–3 linking words.
3. Perhatikan Film dan Artikel Bahasa Inggris
Amati bagaimana penutur asli menghubungkan ide menggunakan:
however
therefore
moreover
although
4. Fokus pada Kejelasan
Tujuan linking words adalah membuat tulisan lebih mudah dipahami, bukan sekadar membuat kalimat terlihat rumit.
Speaking Practice
Bacalah dengan lantang.
1
I wanted to go to the beach; however, it started raining heavily.
(Saya ingin pergi ke pantai; namun, hujan turun sangat deras.)
2
She studied very hard; therefore, she achieved excellent results.
(Dia belajar sangat keras; oleh karena itu, dia memperoleh hasil yang sangat baik.)
3
The hotel was beautiful and affordable; moreover, it had a stunning ocean view.
(Hotel itu indah dan terjangkau; terlebih lagi, hotel itu memiliki pemandangan laut yang menakjubkan.)
4
Although he was very tired, he managed to finish the project on time.
(Meskipun sangat lelah, dia berhasil menyelesaikan proyek tepat waktu.)
5
We should leave early; otherwise, we might get stuck in traffic.
(Kita harus berangkat lebih awal; jika tidak, kita mungkin terjebak macet.)
Latihan Mandiri
Pilih linking word yang paling tepat.
I was tired, ______ I continued working.
(however / because)She speaks English. ______, she speaks Spanish.
(In addition / Although)It was raining heavily; ______, we stayed inside.
(therefore / however)______ it was expensive, I bought it.
(Although / Therefore)Many sports are popular, ______ football and basketball.
(such as / therefore)
Kunci Jawaban
however
In addition
therefore
Although
such as
Kesimpulan
Linking Words and Phrases membantu menghubungkan ide agar tulisan dan percakapan menjadi lebih jelas, logis, dan alami.
Empat Kelompok Utama
✅ Addition → menambah informasi
✅ Contrast → menunjukkan pertentangan
✅ Cause and Effect → menunjukkan sebab dan akibat
✅ Examples and Clarification → memberikan contoh dan penjelasan
Dengan menguasai linking words, kemampuan speaking dan writing Anda akan terdengar lebih profesional, lebih terstruktur, dan lebih mudah dipahami oleh penutur bahasa Inggris.
