PAST SIMPLE
Apa Itu Past Simple?
Past Simple digunakan untuk:
Kejadian yang sudah selesai di masa lalu
Kebiasaan di masa lalu
Rangkaian kejadian yang terjadi di masa lalu
Fungsi Past Simple
1. Kejadian yang Sudah Selesai di Masa Lalu
Contoh:
I finished my work yesterday.
→ Saya menyelesaikan pekerjaan saya kemarin.
She traveled to Paris last year.
→ Dia pergi ke Paris tahun lalu.
They watched the movie last night.
→ Mereka menonton film tadi malam.
2. Kebiasaan di Masa Lalu
Contoh:
I lived in London when I was young.
→ Saya tinggal di London saat saya muda.
He worked as a teacher for 10 years.
→ Dia bekerja sebagai guru selama 10 tahun.
We played tennis every weekend.
→ Kami bermain tenis setiap akhir pekan.
Rumus Utama
Subject + Verb 2
Contoh:
I worked.
→ Saya bekerja.
She played.
→ Dia bermain.
They studied.
→ Mereka belajar.
Regular Verbs (Kata Kerja Beraturan)
Verb 1 → Verb 2
work → worked
play → played
study → studied
like → liked
stop → stopped
Contoh:
I worked yesterday.
→ Saya bekerja kemarin.
She played tennis.
→ Dia bermain tenis.
Irregular Verbs (Kata Kerja Tidak Beraturan)
Verb 1 → Verb 2
go → went
see → saw
eat → ate
buy → bought
have → had
make → made
drink → drank
come → came
take → took
Contoh:
I went to school.
→ Saya pergi ke sekolah.
She bought a new phone.
→ Dia membeli ponsel baru.
Cerita Singkat
A Day at the Beach
Last Saturday, my family and I went to the beach.
→ Sabtu lalu, saya dan keluarga pergi ke pantai.
We packed sandwiches, fruit, and drinks.
→ Kami menyiapkan roti, buah, dan minuman.
The children played in the sand.
→ Anak-anak bermain di pasir.
They built a sandcastle.
→ Mereka membuat istana pasir.
My sister swam in the sea.
→ Saudara perempuan saya berenang di laut.
I walked along the shore.
→ Saya berjalan di sepanjang pantai.
We ate lunch under an umbrella.
→ Kami makan siang di bawah payung.
We watched the birds.
→ Kami melihat burung-burung.
My dad bought ice cream.
→ Ayah saya membeli es krim.
We drove home in the evening.
→ Kami pulang dengan mobil pada sore hari.
It was a wonderful day.
→ Itu adalah hari yang indah.
Catatan:
Semua kata kerja di atas menunjukkan aksi yang sudah selesai.
Bentuk Kalimat Past Simple
Kalimat Positif
Pola:
Subject + Verb 2
Contoh:
I visited Bali last year.
→ Saya mengunjungi Bali tahun lalu.
She watched a movie.
→ Dia menonton film.
They played football.
→ Mereka bermain sepak bola.
Kalimat Negatif
Pola:
Subject + did not (didn't) + Verb 1
Contoh:
I did not go.
→ Saya tidak pergi.
I didn't go.
→ Saya tidak pergi.
She didn't like coffee.
→ Dia tidak suka kopi.
They didn't come.
→ Mereka tidak datang.
Catatan:
Setelah did/didn't gunakan Verb 1.
Kalimat Tanya
Pola:
Did + Subject + Verb 1?
Contoh:
Did you go to school?
→ Apakah kamu pergi ke sekolah?
Did she eat lunch?
→ Apakah dia makan siang?
Did they arrive on time?
→ Apakah mereka tiba tepat waktu?
Catatan:
Setelah Did gunakan Verb 1.
Kapan Menggunakan Past Simple?
1. Waktu Tertentu di Masa Lalu
I visited Paris last year.
→ Saya mengunjungi Paris tahun lalu.
She moved to Jakarta in 2020.
→ Dia pindah ke Jakarta pada tahun 2020.
2. Kebiasaan di Masa Lalu
When I was young, I played football.
→ Saat saya kecil, saya bermain sepak bola.
We visited our grandparents every weekend.
→ Kami mengunjungi kakek-nenek setiap akhir pekan.
3. Rangkaian Kejadian
I woke up, brushed my teeth, and ate breakfast.
→ Saya bangun, sikat gigi, lalu sarapan.
She arrived, sat down, and started working.
→ Dia datang, duduk, lalu mulai bekerja.
Time Expressions (Keterangan Waktu)
Kata-kata yang sering digunakan bersama Past Simple:
yesterday
→ kemarin
last night
→ tadi malam
last week
→ minggu lalu
last month
→ bulan lalu
last year
→ tahun lalu
two days ago
→ dua hari yang lalu
an hour ago
→ satu jam yang lalu
in 2020
→ pada tahun 2020
Contoh:
I met her yesterday.
→ Saya bertemu dia kemarin.
They moved here in 2020.
→ Mereka pindah ke sini pada tahun 2020.
Contoh Tambahan
I bought three apples and some bread yesterday.
→ Saya membeli tiga apel dan sedikit roti kemarin.
She drank a glass of water.
→ Dia minum segelas air.
She didn't eat much rice.
→ Dia tidak makan banyak nasi.
We saw interesting people.
→ Kami melihat orang-orang menarik.
We heard important news.
→ Kami mendengar berita penting.
Kesalahan Umum
1. Salah Bentuk Verb Tidak Beraturan
❌ I goed to the store.
✅ I went to the store.
→ Saya pergi ke toko.
2. Menggunakan Verb 2 Setelah Didn't
❌ She didn't went.
✅ She didn't go.
→ Dia tidak pergi.
3. Menggunakan Verb 2 Setelah Did
❌ Did you saw it?
✅ Did you see it?
→ Apakah kamu melihatnya?
4. Salah Bentuk Irregular Verb
❌ They buyed books.
✅ They bought books.
→ Mereka membeli buku.
5. Menggabungkan Was dengan Verb Dasar
❌ I was go to school.
✅ I went to school.
→ Saya pergi ke sekolah.
Latihan
Ubah ke bentuk Past Simple yang benar.
go → _______
buy → _______
see → _______
eat → _______
make → _______
I _______ (visit) Bali last year.
She _______ (not/go) to school yesterday.
_______ you _______ (watch) the movie?
Kunci Jawaban
went
bought
saw
ate
made
visited
didn't go
Did / watch
Speaking Practice
I walked to school this morning.
→ Saya berjalan ke sekolah pagi ini.
She visited her grandparents last weekend.
→ Dia mengunjungi kakek-neneknya minggu lalu.
They went to the cinema yesterday.
→ Mereka pergi ke bioskop kemarin.
He didn't play football last night.
→ Dia tidak bermain sepak bola tadi malam.
Did you enjoy the party?
→ Apakah kamu menikmati pesta itu?
I bought three apples and some bread.
→ Saya membeli tiga apel dan roti.
She drank water but didn't eat rice.
→ Dia minum air tetapi tidak makan nasi.
We saw people and heard news.
→ Kami melihat orang-orang dan mendengar berita.
Ringkasan Singkat
✔ Past Simple digunakan untuk kejadian yang sudah selesai di masa lalu.
✔ Rumus positif:
Subject + Verb 2
✔ Rumus negatif:
Subject + didn't + Verb 1
✔ Rumus tanya:
Did + Subject + Verb 1?
✔ Gunakan dengan:
yesterday, last week, ago, in 2020, dan keterangan waktu masa lalu lainnya.
✔ Setelah did dan didn't selalu gunakan Verb 1.
✔ Hafalkan irregular verbs sedikit demi sedikit:
go → went
see → saw
eat → ate
buy → bought
have → had
make → made
