PRESENT SIMPLE
Apa Itu Present Simple?
Present Simple digunakan untuk:
Kebiasaan (Habits)
Rutinitas (Routines)
Fakta umum (General Truths)
Kondisi tetap (Permanent Situations)
Jadwal (Schedules)
Fungsi Present Simple
1. Kebiasaan dan Rutinitas
Present Simple digunakan untuk aktivitas yang dilakukan secara berulang.
Contoh
I exercise three times a week.
→ Saya berolahraga tiga kali seminggu.
She always reads before bed.
→ Dia selalu membaca sebelum tidur.
They usually eat dinner at 7 PM.
→ Mereka biasanya makan malam jam 7 malam.
2. Fakta Umum
Present Simple digunakan untuk fakta yang selalu benar.
Contoh
Water boils at 100°C.
→ Air mendidih pada suhu 100°C.
The sun rises in the east.
→ Matahari terbit di timur.
Birds fly south in winter.
→ Burung terbang ke selatan saat musim dingin.
3. Kondisi Tetap
Present Simple digunakan untuk keadaan yang relatif permanen.
Contoh
I live in Indonesia.
→ Saya tinggal di Indonesia.
He works as a teacher.
→ Dia bekerja sebagai guru.
They own a small business.
→ Mereka memiliki usaha kecil.
4. Jadwal dan Timetable
Present Simple juga digunakan untuk jadwal resmi.
Contoh
The train leaves at 6 PM.
→ Kereta berangkat jam 6 sore.
The class starts at 8 AM.
→ Kelas dimulai jam 8 pagi.
The meeting begins at noon.
→ Rapat dimulai siang hari.
Rumus Present Simple
Untuk I / You / We / They
Subject + Verb 1
Contoh
I work.
→ Saya bekerja.
You study.
→ Kamu belajar.
We play football.
→ Kami bermain sepak bola.
They live here.
→ Mereka tinggal di sini.
Untuk He / She / It
Subject + Verb + s/es
Contoh
He works.
→ Dia bekerja.
She studies.
→ Dia belajar.
It rains a lot.
→ Sering hujan.
Catatan:
❌ He work
✅ He works
Aturan Penambahan S dan ES
Tambah -S
work → works
play → plays
read → reads
Contoh
He works every day.
→ Dia bekerja setiap hari.
Tambah -ES
Untuk kata kerja yang berakhiran:
-s
-sh
-ch
-x
-o
Contoh
watch → watches
wash → washes
go → goes
fix → fixes
Contoh Kalimat
She watches TV every evening.
→ Dia menonton TV setiap malam.
He goes to school by bus.
→ Dia pergi ke sekolah dengan bus.
Kata Kerja Berakhiran -Y
Jika sebelumnya konsonan:
y → ies
study → studies
try → tries
Contoh
She studies English.
→ Dia belajar bahasa Inggris.
He tries his best.
→ Dia berusaha sebaik mungkin.
Cerita Singkat
A Day in the Life
Every morning, Sarah wakes up at 7 AM.
→ Setiap pagi, Sarah bangun jam 7.
She brushes her teeth, gets dressed, and eats breakfast.
→ Dia menyikat gigi, berpakaian, dan sarapan.
These are things she does every day.
→ Ini adalah hal yang dia lakukan setiap hari.
At work, she checks her email and writes reports.
→ Di tempat kerja, dia mengecek email dan menulis laporan.
After work, she usually goes to the gym.
→ Setelah kerja, dia biasanya pergi ke gym.
Sometimes she cooks dinner.
→ Kadang dia memasak makan malam.
On Fridays, she always orders pizza.
→ Pada hari Jumat, dia selalu memesan pizza.
Do you like your job?
→ Apakah kamu suka pekerjaanmu?
Yes, I do.
→ Ya, saya suka.
Kesimpulan:
Semua kalimat di atas menggambarkan kebiasaan dan rutinitas, sehingga menggunakan Present Simple.
Bentuk Kalimat Present Simple
Kalimat Positif
Rumus
Subject + Verb 1
Contoh
I eat breakfast.
→ Saya sarapan.
She studies English.
→ Dia belajar bahasa Inggris.
They play football.
→ Mereka bermain sepak bola.
Kalimat Negatif
Rumus
I / You / We / They + do not (don't) + Verb 1
He / She / It + does not (doesn't) + Verb 1
Contoh
I don't drink coffee.
→ Saya tidak minum kopi.
She doesn't like meat.
→ Dia tidak suka daging.
They don't live here.
→ Mereka tidak tinggal di sini.
Catatan:
Setelah don't dan doesn't gunakan Verb 1.
❌ She doesn't likes coffee.
✅ She doesn't like coffee.
Kalimat Tanya
Rumus
Do + Subject + Verb 1?
Does + Subject + Verb 1?
Contoh
Do you like music?
→ Apakah kamu suka musik?
Does she speak French?
→ Apakah dia bisa bahasa Prancis?
Do they work here?
→ Apakah mereka bekerja di sini?
Catatan:
Setelah Do dan Does gunakan Verb 1.
❌ Does she speaks French?
✅ Does she speak French?
Time Expressions
Frequency Adverbs
always
→ selalu
usually
→ biasanya
often
→ sering
sometimes
→ kadang-kadang
rarely
→ jarang
never
→ tidak pernah
Contoh
She always arrives on time.
→ Dia selalu datang tepat waktu.
I often read books.
→ Saya sering membaca buku.
Keterangan Waktu
every day
→ setiap hari
every week
→ setiap minggu
once a week
→ sekali seminggu
twice a month
→ dua kali sebulan
on Mondays
→ setiap hari Senin
in the morning
→ di pagi hari
Contoh
I exercise every day.
→ Saya berolahraga setiap hari.
We meet on Mondays.
→ Kami bertemu setiap hari Senin.
Contoh Tambahan
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.
→ Matahari terbit di timur dan terbenam di barat setiap hari.
He always checks his email in the morning.
→ Dia selalu mengecek email di pagi hari.
Do you usually take the bus or walk to work?
→ Apakah kamu biasanya naik bus atau berjalan ke tempat kerja?
My father works in a bank.
→ Ayah saya bekerja di bank.
She speaks English very well.
→ Dia berbicara bahasa Inggris dengan sangat baik.
Kesalahan Umum
1. Lupa Menambahkan S
❌ He play football.
✅ He plays football.
→ Dia bermain sepak bola.
2. Salah Menggunakan Don't
❌ She don't like coffee.
✅ She doesn't like coffee.
→ Dia tidak suka kopi.
3. Salah Setelah Does
❌ Does he plays tennis?
✅ Does he play tennis?
→ Apakah dia bermain tenis?
4. Mencampur Present Continuous
❌ I am study English.
✅ I study English.
→ Saya belajar bahasa Inggris.
5. Salah Menambahkan S pada They
❌ They usually goes shopping.
✅ They usually go shopping.
→ Mereka biasanya pergi berbelanja.
Latihan
Lengkapi kalimat berikut.
She ______ English every day. (study)
He ______ coffee. (not/like)
______ you work on weekends?
The sun ______ in the east. (rise)
They usually ______ football after school. (play)
Kunci Jawaban
studies
doesn't like
Do
rises
play
Speaking Practice
I use Free Daily English every day.
→ Saya menggunakan Free Daily English setiap hari.
She doesn't eat meat because she is vegetarian.
→ Dia tidak makan daging karena dia vegetarian.
Would you like pizza or pasta?
→ Apakah kamu mau pizza atau pasta?
My brother works in a hospital.
→ Saudara laki-laki saya bekerja di rumah sakit.
Does it rain a lot in your country?
→ Apakah sering hujan di negaramu?
The sun rises in the east every day.
→ Matahari terbit di timur setiap hari.
He always checks his email in the morning.
→ Dia selalu mengecek email di pagi hari.
Do you take the bus or walk to work?
→ Apakah kamu naik bus atau berjalan ke tempat kerja?
Ringkasan Singkat
✔ Present Simple digunakan untuk:
Kebiasaan
Rutinitas
Fakta umum
Kondisi tetap
Jadwal
✔ Rumus:
I/You/We/They + Verb 1
He/She/It + Verb + s/es
✔ Negatif:
do not (don't)
does not (doesn't)
✔ Tanya:
Do ...?
Does ...?
✔ Kata keterangan yang sering digunakan:
always
usually
often
sometimes
never
every day
every week
on Mondays
in the morning
✔ Jangan gunakan Present Simple untuk aksi yang sedang berlangsung saat ini. Untuk itu gunakan Present Continuous.
